ABSTRACT
In developing countries; few data are available on healthcare-associated infections. In Burkina Faso; there has been a failure to take into account risk management and patient safety in the quality assurance program. The main objective of our study was to carry out an assessment of healthcare-associated infection in a first level hospital. We conducted a crosssectional study in June 2011 in the care units of Ziniare District Hospital (Ziniare; Burkina Faso). The hospital has been divided in three components: i) hospital population (care providers; in-patients and patients' guardians); ii) healthcare and services organization; iii) hospital environment. We included: care providers of the clinical services; hospital inpatients and patients' guardians; hospitalization infrastructure and nursing units; and all the documents relating to standards and protocols. Data collection has been done by direct observation; interviews and biological samples taken at different settings. In hospital population; care providers and patients' guardians represented a high source of infection: adherence to hygiene practice on the part of care providers was low (12/19); and no patients' guardian experienced good conditions of staying in the hospital. In healthcare and services organization; healthcare waste management represented a high-risk source of infection. In hospital environment; hygiene level of the infrastructure in the hospital rooms was low (6.67). Prevalence of isolated bacteria was 71.8. Urinary-tract catheters infections were the most significant in our sample; followed by surgical-site infections. In total; 56.26(9/19) of germs were -Lactamase producers (ESBL). They were represented by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Our analysis identified clearly healthcare-associated infection as a problem in Ziniare district hospital. Hence; a national program of quality assurance in the hospitals should now integrate the risk infectious management of healthcare-associated infections